The CoreBluetooth L2CAP API refers to BLE, not classic BT.
With Apple device as central, you will not get good performance, since the channel parameters (L2CAP COC SDU + MPS) and connection parameters can't be set. There's just no API for that (opened FB13742028 for that). I was able to get 36KB/sec for that scenario.
With Apple device as peripheral, you should be able to get up to 100 KB/sec. I have been able to achieve that using an ESP32S3. Note that you make sure to use BLE4.2 DLE (which might not be enabled as default on your system) and a sufficiently high SDU. Apple devices seem to support up to 2048 as SDU.