I have managed to solve this issue by configuring Xcode cloud for a new app (but with gitlab.com instead of self managed). After this go to Users and Access -> Xcode Cloud -> Integrations (left sidebar), remove app provider.

I had problems with created application on gitlab, Xcode was telling "you need admin permission to the repository" so I could not complete the integration. After deleting gitlab application I also have same issue.

I have same issue with iOS 17.2 and 17.3.1 on iPad, but on Mac it works fine. After relaunching application entries added by app are removed (entries exist and can be read while app is running).