I have an update... I did as you advised, created a new XCode project, built and successfully installed an app onto the device in question. I noticed that some things needed to be established onto the the phone, such as indexing, processing files, extracting different things, etc. This was something that I was not able to do when logged into my "professional / company" account.

This puts my situation into perspective. I also recently had trouble upgrading the version of MacOSX from Ventura to Sonoma. Our internal technical support advised the same thing: To create a new macOS user account and attempt to upgrade through that account. The justification was that there was security software on my machine that interferes with this process. I wonder if the same circumstances is applying to this situation.

After logging back into my "company issued account", I was successfully able to install a new / existing iOS app onto the device in question. This is an interesting situation. Do you happen to have additional insight on this particular situation?

Thanks for the insight my friend. I have provided more information on the ticket that I filed, complete with screenshots of the software in question and the order of operations that I typically perform in my world. I hope y'all find all of that information useful.