I'm writing some tests to confirm the behavior of my app, you are actually unit testing SwiftData and not your app. As for the problem, I am not sure it's a bug and that they deliberately keep the object in the ModelContext for a short while to avoid problems for the app using it. The following test would pass though #expect(result.isDeleted)

I tried to reproduce on a iOS 18.4 large but failed, which isn't that surprising given how little information you have provided. Could you add enough context and code so we can reproduce this issue?

Maybe the underscore in the property name is causing an issue, could you try with a different name? And shouldn't that property be private so you can only access the relationship in one way?

A crash and a thrown error are two completely different things and you can not replace a crash with a thrown error with the exception of if you are deliberately crashing by calling fatalError(_) but I very much doubt that is what is happening here.

You are going to need to include relevant code and/or a more detailed description of how this happens if you want us to be able to help you

SwiftData does it automatically for you and it must do it or the autosave functionality wouldn't work. If you would only save one side of a relationship then when the app is restarted the other side would be nil or it crashes if the property is non-optional.

if you’re asking if there’s an automatic way then no there isn’t but doing this should be pretty straightforward, check if the move has already been done when the app starts and if not load the data from UserDefaults and store it using your SwiftData models.

I didn't notice Feature was a many-to-many relationship, I thought the array was owned by the Car/CarData object, my bad. There is really no point in making your models conform to Identifiable and have a custom id property since they already conform to this protocol (unless you have some specific reason to use your own identifier value). I have no idea if this could help with the duplicate Feature objects issue but maybe it could be worth trying by removing the id property and use the default one instead.

Your copy methods are in my opinion flawed, you create a new instance of the main object but you re-use the relationship object instead of making a new copy of that as well, so called deep copying. So in Car you should have func copy() -> Car { Car( name: "temporaryNewName", carData: carData.copy() //<-- New instance ) } And in CarData you need to do something similar but loop over the features array and copy each element. Perhaps unrelated but why do you need both Car and CarData, can't they be merged and personally I prefer to use the @Relationship property wrapper for my relationship properties to make the intention clearer

It still saves to disk by default, what has changed is when it saves. It used to be rather quickly but now as you mentioned it saves with a much larger delay or when the app quits or goes into the background.

A workaround is to store the Int value for MediaType in Media instead and use a computed property to switch between Int and MediaType @Model class Media { private var type: Int var mediaType: MediaType { get { MediaType(rawValue: type) } set { type = newValue.rawValue } } } //... } Which would give a predicate where we use Int values in the filtering static var predicate: (Predicate<Media>) { let image = MediaType.image.value let predicate = #Predicate<Media> { media in media.type == image } return predicate } Two other observations, you don't need a id property for your model, the @Model macro makes the type conform to PeristentModel that extends Identifiable so you already have that id property And secondly I would personally use an enum instead of a struct: enum MediaType: Int, Codable, Equatable, Hashable { case image = 0 case video case audio }

I believe you need to rethink your design then, you can't have a bunch of different operations that needs to be saved together spread over different actors. It's just not possible. Maybe work with struct's instead so you can pass them between actors and have only one central actor that converts from struct objects to model objects and handles the storing and saving of objects in a single transaction.

Do you have a question you want to ask?

One solution could be to actually call save() and then have a manual rollback function that when called would delete the object with a given id. That way you could hopefully avoid creating strong dependencies between your services (actors). Of course if there are cases that are more complicated than the one in your code that returns a single id a solution like this could easily become quite complex so it depends on your use case if this is doable.

Use an Array instead of a Set in your model, use Date instead of DateComponents as the element type. If using an array gives you warnings in the console similar to CoreData: fault: Could not materialize Objective-C class named "Array" from declared attribute value type "Array" of attribute named ... then you can wrap the Date property in a Codable structure and use that as a type struct ToDoDate: Codable { let date: Date } In model: var dates: [ToDoDate] = []