I am also having the same issue. I've reported it via the feedback forums, but essentially:
Xcode cannot generate provisioning profiles that include the com.apple.developer.activitykit entitlement, even when the app is properly configured with ActivityKit capabilities and entitlements. I can't even see ActivityKit within the developer portal.
I'm unable to distribute apps with Live Activities through App Store Connect or TestFlight. This affects both Xcode automatic signing.
Topic:
App & System Services
SubTopic:
Widgets & Live Activities