Unfortunately, I have the same issue using Xcode 14.3 and also tried the latest Xcode 15 beta (5 I think it is) with no difference in results. Really frustrating trying to work out what the issue is. I hope someone else has some insight.

Solved my issue. Apparently, each pod target must define a module, and this setting is not turned on by default. Not sure why this is only required for string export. I adjusted my Podfile by adding a post-install hook and changing the Pods project setting to YES, then re-running pod install. After that, I was able to export strings for localization without issue and all other builds continue to work just fine. Hope this helps. post_install do |pi| pi.pods_project.build_configurations.each do |config| config.build_settings['DEFINES_MODULE'] = 'YES' end end