I also have this problem, but can trigger the issue to occur reliably by using the iOS Simulator "Simulate Memory Warning" function. This would seem to suggest that when the device is memory constrained it unloads fonts from memory, but then doesn't do a good job of reloading them again when they're needed.
Getting this today using the latest Xcode 15.2
Topic:
App & System Services
SubTopic:
General
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