I have seen a similar issue with my app. This also reproduces when ending the regular Guided Access session. Looks like this issue was introduced somewhat recently, maybe during the iOS 17 lifecycle. Have not seen it previously.

I've run into same issue Here is the response I got from Apple DTS It is expected that the camera is not available in an SSO Extension. Please file an enhancement request for this capability using Feedback Assistant, and include your intended use-case for camera access in an SSO Extension.