I believe this is a bug in Safari.
Safari MV3 supports the background.page key (so-called 'Event Pages') which you might be able to use as a workaround. Try something like
In manifest: background: {page: background.html}
In background.html: <script src="my_service_worker.js"></script>
Since incorporating my "service worker" like this I have stopped seeing the error (touch wood).
Topic:
Safari & Web
SubTopic:
General
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