Can I call setAlternateIconName without user consent?

Is it possible to call a specific screen

What does this mean? It doesn’t seem to correspond to the title of your post.

without user consent

That’s usually a red flag here in Apple-land. What exactly are you trying to accomplish?

Note that setAlternateIconName always presents an alert after the change, so you can’t quietly change the icon without the user noticing. And while there doesn’t seem to be any specific discussion of this in the HIG or API documentation, the intent of this API is pretty clear: to let the user pick an app icon they like, such as a sports team logo or a more pleasing color scheme. It doesn’t support using the icon to display useful information like the built-in calendar and clock apps do.

I mean, can I change the icon by calling setAlternateIconName when enter the home screen? Before changing the icon, shouldn't a pop-up notify the user of the icon change?

You should be able to call setAlternateIconName whenever you like. Is it not working in your case? Make sure to check for success via the completion handler, or by catching any error thrown if using the async version. If it succeeds, the system should present an alert to the user automatically. Is anything not working as expected?

With that said, I’d be a little worried about this:

Technically it is possible, but it seems to be a problem in the app review process.

What does this mean? Did your app get rejected for this? If so, what was the reason? Are you trying to “get around” app review in some way?

Thank you for comment. There is no problem with calling setAlternateIconName and success completion handler. 

Review guidelines: https://developer.apple.com/app-store/review/guidelines/#after-you-submit 4.6 Alternate App Icons 

When entering the home screen, I call setAlternateIconName.(No user consent, dynamic, automatic) However, it is not used dynamically or automatically in the last sentence. What do you think the last sentence means?

It’s amusing that this guideline:

This feature may not be used for dynamic, automatic, or serial changes, such as to reflect up-to-date weather information, calendar notifications, etc.

...basically tells you not to do something that the API doesn’t support anyway. It’s good to be thorough.

But be mindful of this part:

and the app includes settings to revert to the original icon.

So just changing the icon in response to navigation actions within the app may not satisfy the guideline.

Since we’re down to trying to parse the exact meaning of the review guidelines, I think you should just submit your app and see how it goes.