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Memory Attribution for Foundation Models in iOS 26
Hi, I’m developing an app targeting iOS 26, using the new FoundationModels framework to perform on-device LLM inference. I’m currently testing memory usage. Does the memory used by FoundationModels—including model weights, KV cache, and any inference-related buffers—count toward my app’s Jetsam memory limit, or is any of it managed separately by the system? I may need to run two concurrent inferences, each with a 4096-token context window. Is this explicitly supported or allowed by FoundationModels on iOS 26? Would this significantly increase the risk of memory-based termination? Thanks in advance for any clarification. Thanks.
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Jul ’25
LanguageModelStream and collecting the final output
I have a Generable type with many elements. I am using a stream() to incrementally process the output (Generable.PartiallyGenerated?) content. At the end, I want to pass the final version (not partially generated) to another function. I cannot seem to find a good way to convert from a MyGenerable.PartiallyGenerated to a MyGenerable. Am I missing some functionality in the APIs?
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Jul ’25
Real Time Text detection using iOS18 RecognizeTextRequest from video buffer returns gibberish
Hey Devs, I'm trying to create my own Real Time Text detection like this Apple project. https://developer.apple.com/documentation/vision/extracting-phone-numbers-from-text-in-images I want to use the new iOS18 RecognizeTextRequest instead of the old VNRecognizeTextRequest in my SwiftUI project. This is my delegate code with the camera setup. I removed region of interest for debugging but I'm trying to scan English words in books. The idea is to get one word in the ROI in the future. But I can't even get proper words so testing without ROI incase my math is wrong. @Observable class CameraManager: NSObject, AVCapturePhotoCaptureDelegate ... override init() { super.init() setUpVisionRequest() } private func setUpVisionRequest() { textRequest = RecognizeTextRequest(.revision3) } ... func setup() -> Bool { captureSession.beginConfiguration() guard let captureDevice = AVCaptureDevice.default( .builtInWideAngleCamera, for: .video, position: .back) else { return false } self.captureDevice = captureDevice guard let deviceInput = try? AVCaptureDeviceInput(device: captureDevice) else { return false } /// Check whether the session can add input. guard captureSession.canAddInput(deviceInput) else { print("Unable to add device input to the capture session.") return false } /// Add the input and output to session captureSession.addInput(deviceInput) /// Configure the video data output videoDataOutput.setSampleBufferDelegate( self, queue: videoDataOutputQueue) if captureSession.canAddOutput(videoDataOutput) { captureSession.addOutput(videoDataOutput) videoDataOutput.connection(with: .video)? .preferredVideoStabilizationMode = .off } else { return false } // Set zoom and autofocus to help focus on very small text do { try captureDevice.lockForConfiguration() captureDevice.videoZoomFactor = 2 captureDevice.autoFocusRangeRestriction = .near captureDevice.unlockForConfiguration() } catch { print("Could not set zoom level due to error: \(error)") return false } captureSession.commitConfiguration() // potential issue with background vs dispatchqueue ?? Task(priority: .background) { captureSession.startRunning() } return true } } // Issue here ??? extension CameraManager: AVCaptureVideoDataOutputSampleBufferDelegate { func captureOutput( _ output: AVCaptureOutput, didOutput sampleBuffer: CMSampleBuffer, from connection: AVCaptureConnection ) { guard let pixelBuffer = CMSampleBufferGetImageBuffer(sampleBuffer) else { return } Task { textRequest.recognitionLevel = .fast textRequest.recognitionLanguages = [Locale.Language(identifier: "en-US")] do { let observations = try await textRequest.perform(on: pixelBuffer) for observation in observations { let recognizedText = observation.topCandidates(1).first print("recognized text \(recognizedText)") } } catch { print("Recognition error: \(error.localizedDescription)") } } } } The results I get look like this ( full page of English from a any book) recognized text Optional(RecognizedText(string: e bnUI W4, confidence: 0.5)) recognized text Optional(RecognizedText(string: ?'U, confidence: 0.3)) recognized text Optional(RecognizedText(string: traQt4, confidence: 0.3)) recognized text Optional(RecognizedText(string: li, confidence: 0.3)) recognized text Optional(RecognizedText(string: 15,1,#, confidence: 0.3)) recognized text Optional(RecognizedText(string: jllÈ, confidence: 0.3)) recognized text Optional(RecognizedText(string: vtrll, confidence: 0.3)) recognized text Optional(RecognizedText(string: 5,1,: 11, confidence: 0.5)) recognized text Optional(RecognizedText(string: 1141, confidence: 0.3)) recognized text Optional(RecognizedText(string: jllll ljiiilij41, confidence: 0.3)) recognized text Optional(RecognizedText(string: 2f4, confidence: 0.3)) recognized text Optional(RecognizedText(string: ktril, confidence: 0.3)) recognized text Optional(RecognizedText(string: ¥LLI, confidence: 0.3)) recognized text Optional(RecognizedText(string: 11[Itl,, confidence: 0.3)) recognized text Optional(RecognizedText(string: 'rtlÈ131, confidence: 0.3)) Even with ROI set to a specific rectangle Normalized to Vision, I get the same results with single characters returning gibberish. Any help would be amazing thank you. Am I using the buffer right ? Am I using the new perform(on: CVPixelBuffer) right ? Maybe I didn't set up my camera properly? I can provide code
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Jul ’25
get error with xcode beta3 :decodingFailure(FoundationModels.LanguageModelSession.GenerationError.Context
@Generable enum Breakfast { case waffles case pancakes case bagels case eggs } do { let session = LanguageModelSession() let userInput = "I want something sweet." let prompt = "Pick the ideal breakfast for request: (userInput)" let response = try await session.respond(to: prompt,generating: Breakfast.self) print(response.content) } catch let error { print(error) } i want to test the @Generable demo but get error with below:decodingFailure(FoundationModels.LanguageModelSession.GenerationError.Context(debugDescription: "Failed to convert text into into GeneratedContent\nText: waffles", underlyingErrors: [Swift.DecodingError.dataCorrupted(Swift.DecodingError.Context(codingPath: [], debugDescription: "The given data was not valid JSON.", underlyingError: Optional(Error Domain=NSCocoaErrorDomain Code=3840 "Unexpected character 'w' around line 1, column 1." UserInfo={NSJSONSerializationErrorIndex=0, NSDebugDescription=Unexpected character 'w' around line 1, column 1.})))]))
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Jul ’25
Crash inside of Vision predictWithCVPixelBuffer - Crashed: com.apple.VN.detectorSyncTasksQueue.VNCoreMLTransformer
Hello, We have been encountering a persistent crash in our application, which is deployed exclusively on iPad devices. The crash occurs in the following code block: let requestHandler = ImageRequestHandler(paddedImage) var request = CoreMLRequest(model: model) request.cropAndScaleAction = .scaleToFit let results = try await requestHandler.perform(request) The client using this code is wrapped inside an actor, following Swift concurrency principles. The issue has been consistently reproduced across multiple iPadOS versions, including: iPad OS - 18.4.0 iPad OS - 18.4.1 iPad OS - 18.5.0 This is the crash log - Crashed: com.apple.VN.detectorSyncTasksQueue.VNCoreMLTransformer 0 libobjc.A.dylib 0x7b98 objc_retain + 16 1 libobjc.A.dylib 0x7b98 objc_retain_x0 + 16 2 libobjc.A.dylib 0xbf18 objc_getProperty + 100 3 Vision 0x326300 -[VNCoreMLModel predictWithCVPixelBuffer:options:error:] + 148 4 Vision 0x3273b0 -[VNCoreMLTransformer processRegionOfInterest:croppedPixelBuffer:options:qosClass:warningRecorder:error:progressHandler:] + 748 5 Vision 0x2ccdcc __119-[VNDetector internalProcessUsingQualityOfServiceClass:options:regionOfInterest:warningRecorder:error:progressHandler:]_block_invoke_5 + 132 6 Vision 0x14600 VNExecuteBlock + 80 7 Vision 0x14580 __76+[VNDetector runSuccessReportingBlockSynchronously:detector:qosClass:error:]_block_invoke + 56 8 libdispatch.dylib 0x6c98 _dispatch_block_sync_invoke + 240 9 libdispatch.dylib 0x1b584 _dispatch_client_callout + 16 10 libdispatch.dylib 0x11728 _dispatch_lane_barrier_sync_invoke_and_complete + 56 11 libdispatch.dylib 0x7fac _dispatch_sync_block_with_privdata + 452 12 Vision 0x14110 -[VNControlledCapacityTasksQueue dispatchSyncByPreservingQueueCapacity:] + 60 13 Vision 0x13ffc +[VNDetector runSuccessReportingBlockSynchronously:detector:qosClass:error:] + 324 14 Vision 0x2ccc80 __119-[VNDetector internalProcessUsingQualityOfServiceClass:options:regionOfInterest:warningRecorder:error:progressHandler:]_block_invoke_4 + 336 15 Vision 0x14600 VNExecuteBlock + 80 16 Vision 0x2cc98c __119-[VNDetector internalProcessUsingQualityOfServiceClass:options:regionOfInterest:warningRecorder:error:progressHandler:]_block_invoke_3 + 256 17 libdispatch.dylib 0x1b584 _dispatch_client_callout + 16 18 libdispatch.dylib 0x6ab0 _dispatch_block_invoke_direct + 284 19 Vision 0x2cc454 -[VNDetector internalProcessUsingQualityOfServiceClass:options:regionOfInterest:warningRecorder:error:progressHandler:] + 632 20 Vision 0x2cd14c __111-[VNDetector processUsingQualityOfServiceClass:options:regionOfInterest:warningRecorder:error:progressHandler:]_block_invoke + 124 21 Vision 0x14600 VNExecuteBlock + 80 22 Vision 0x2ccfbc -[VNDetector processUsingQualityOfServiceClass:options:regionOfInterest:warningRecorder:error:progressHandler:] + 340 23 Vision 0x125410 __swift_memcpy112_8 + 4852 24 libswift_Concurrency.dylib 0x5c134 swift::runJobInEstablishedExecutorContext(swift::Job*) + 292 25 libswift_Concurrency.dylib 0x5d5c8 swift_job_runImpl(swift::Job*, swift::SerialExecutorRef) + 156 26 libdispatch.dylib 0x13db0 _dispatch_root_queue_drain + 364 27 libdispatch.dylib 0x1454c _dispatch_worker_thread2 + 156 28 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x9d0 _pthread_wqthread + 232 29 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0xaac start_wqthread + 8 We found an issue similar to us - https://developer.apple.com/forums/thread/770771. But the crash logs are quite different, we believe this warrants further investigation to better understand the root cause and potential mitigation strategies. Please let us know if any additional information would help diagnose this issue.
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Jul ’25
Memory stride warning when loading CoreML models on ANE
When I am doing an uncached load of CoreML model on ANE, I received this warning in Xcode console Type of hiddenStates in function main's I/O contains unknown strides. Using unknown strides for MIL tensor buffers with unknown shapes is not recommended in E5ML. Please use row_alignment_in_bytes property instead. Refer to https://e5-ml.apple.com/more-info/memory-layouts.html for more information. However, the web link does not seem to be working. Where can I find more information about about this and how can I fix it?
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Jul ’25
ActivityClassifier doesn't classify movement
I'm using a custom create ML model to classify the movement of a user's hand in a game, The classifier has 3 different spell movements, but my code constantly predicts all of them at an equal 1/3 probability regardless of movement which leads me to believe my code isn't correct (as opposed to the model) which in CreateML at least gives me a heavily weighted prediction My code is below. On adding debug prints everywhere all the data looks good to me and matches similar to my test CSV data So I'm thinking my issue must be in the setup of my model code? /// Feeds samples into the model and keeps a sliding window of the last N frames. final class WandGestureStreamer { static let shared = WandGestureStreamer() private let model: SpellActivityClassifier private var samples: [Transform] = [] private let windowSize = 100 // number of frames the model expects /// RNN hidden state passed between inferences private var stateIn: MLMultiArray /// Last transform dropped from the window for continuity private var lastDropped: Transform? private init() { let config = MLModelConfiguration() self.model = try! SpellActivityClassifier(configuration: config) // Initialize stateIn to the model’s required shape let constraint = self.model.model.modelDescription .inputDescriptionsByName["stateIn"]! .multiArrayConstraint! self.stateIn = try! MLMultiArray(shape: constraint.shape, dataType: .double) } /// Call once per frame with the latest wand position (or any feature vector). func appendSample(_ sample: Transform) { samples.append(sample) // drop oldest frame if over capacity, retaining it for delta at window start if samples.count > windowSize { lastDropped = samples.removeFirst() } } func classifyIfReady(threshold: Double = 0.6) -> (label: String, confidence: Double)? { guard samples.count == windowSize else { return nil } do { let input = try makeInput(initialState: stateIn) let output = try model.prediction(input: input) // Save state for continuity stateIn = output.stateOut let best = output.label let conf = output.labelProbability[best] ?? 0 // If you’ve recognized a gesture with high confidence: if conf > threshold { return (best, conf) } else { return nil } } catch { print("Error", error.localizedDescription, error) return nil } } /// Constructs a SpellActivityClassifierInput from recorded wand transforms. func makeInput(initialState: MLMultiArray) throws -> SpellActivityClassifierInput { let count = samples.count as NSNumber let shape = [count] let timeArr = try MLMultiArray(shape: shape, dataType: .double) let dxArr = try MLMultiArray(shape: shape, dataType: .double) let dyArr = try MLMultiArray(shape: shape, dataType: .double) let dzArr = try MLMultiArray(shape: shape, dataType: .double) let rwArr = try MLMultiArray(shape: shape, dataType: .double) let rxArr = try MLMultiArray(shape: shape, dataType: .double) let ryArr = try MLMultiArray(shape: shape, dataType: .double) let rzArr = try MLMultiArray(shape: shape, dataType: .double) for (i, sample) in samples.enumerated() { let previousSample = i > 0 ? samples[i - 1] : lastDropped let model = WandMovementRecording.DataModel(transform: sample, previous: previousSample) // print("model", model) timeArr[i] = NSNumber(value: model.timestamp) dxArr[i] = NSNumber(value: model.dx) dyArr[i] = NSNumber(value: model.dy) dzArr[i] = NSNumber(value: model.dz) let rot = model.rotation rwArr[i] = NSNumber(value: rot.w) rxArr[i] = NSNumber(value: rot.x) ryArr[i] = NSNumber(value: rot.y) rzArr[i] = NSNumber(value: rot.z) } return SpellActivityClassifierInput( dx: dxArr, dy: dyArr, dz: dzArr, rotation_w: rwArr, rotation_x: rxArr, rotation_y: ryArr, rotation_z: rzArr, timestamp: timeArr, stateIn: initialState ) } }
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Jul ’25
The asset pack with the ID “testVideoAssetPack” couldn’t be looked up: Could not connect to the server.
On macOS Tahoe26.0, iOS 26.0 (23A5287g) not emulator, Xcode 26.0 beta 3 (17A5276g) Follow this tutorial Testing your asset packs locally The start the test server command I use this command line to start the test server:xcrun ba-serve --host 192.168.0.109 test.aar The terminal showThe content displayed on the terminal is: Loading asset packs… Loading the asset pack at “test.aar”… Listening on port 63125…… Choose an identity in the panel to continue. Listening on port 63125… running the project, Xcode reports an error:Download failed: Could not connect to the server. I use iPhone safari visit this website: https://192.168.0.109:63125, on the page display "Hello, world!" There are too few error messages in both of the above questions. I have no idea what the specific reasons are.I hope someone can offer some guidance. Best Regards. { "assetPackID": "testVideoAssetPack", "downloadPolicy": { "prefetch": { "installationEventTypes": ["firstInstallation", "subsequentUpdate"] } }, "fileSelectors": [ { "file": "video/test.mp4" } ], "platforms": [ "iOS" ] } this is my Manifest.json
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Jul ’25
"FoundationModels GenerationError error 2" on iOS 26 beta 3
Hi all, I'm working on an app that utilizes the FoundationModels found in iOS 26. I updated my phone to iOS 26 beta 3 and am now receiving the following error when trying to run code that worked in beta 2: Al Error: The operation couldn't be completed. (FoundationModels.LanguageModelSession.Genera- tionError error 2.) I admit I'm a bit of a new developer, but any idea if this is an issue with beta 3 or work that I'll need to do to adapt my code to some changes in the AI API? Thank you!
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Jul ’25
Automated Testing and Performance Validation for Foundation Models Framework
I've been successfully integrating the Foundation Models framework into my healthcare app using structured generation with @Generable schemas. While my initial testing (20-30 iterations) shows promising results, I need to validate consistency and reliability at scale before production deployment. Question Is there a recommended approach for automated, large-scale testing of Foundation Models responses? Specifically, I'm looking to: Automate 1000+ test iterations with consistent prompts and structured schemas Measure response consistency across identical inputs Validate structured output reliability (proper schema adherence, no generation failures) Collect performance metrics (TTFT, TPS) for optimization Specific Questions Framework Limitations: Are there any undocumented rate limits or thermal throttling considerations for rapid session creation/destruction? Performance Tools: Can Xcode's Foundation Models Instrument be used programmatically, or only through Instruments UI? Automation Integration: Any recommendations for integrating with testing frameworks? Session Reuse: Is it better to reuse a single LanguageModelSession or create fresh sessions for each test iteration? Use Case Context My wellness app provides medically safe activity recommendations based on user health profiles. The Foundation Models framework processes health context and generates structured recommendations for exercises, nutrition, and lifestyle activities. Given the safety implications of providing health-related guidance, I need rigorous validation to ensure the model consistently produces appropriate, well-formed recommendations across diverse user scenarios and health conditions. Has anyone in the community built similar large-scale testing infrastructure for Foundation Models? Any insights on best practices or potential pitfalls would be greatly appreciated.
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Jul ’25
Converting GenerableContent to JSON string
Hey, I receive GenerableContent as follows: let response = try await session.respond(to: "", schema: generationSchema) And it wraps GeneratedJSON which seems to be private. What is the best way to get a string / raw value out of it? I noticed it could theoretically be accessed via transcriptEntries but it's not ideal.
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Jul ’25
Inference Provider crashed with 2:5
I am trying to create a slightly different version of the content tagging code in the documentation: https://developer.apple.com/documentation/foundationmodels/systemlanguagemodel/usecase/contenttagging In the playground I am getting an "Inference Provider crashed with 2:5" error. I have no idea what that means or how to address the error. Any assistance would be appreciated.
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Jul ’25
Does ExecuTorch support VisionOS?
Does anyone know if ExecuTorch is officially supported or has been successfully used on visionOS? If so, are there any specific build instructions, example projects, or potential issues (like sandboxing or memory limitations) to be aware of when integrating it into an Xcode project for the Vision Pro? While ExecuTorch has support for iOS, I can't find any official documentation or community examples specifically mentioning visionOS. Thanks.
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Jul ’25
Model Guardrails Too Restrictive?
I'm experimenting with using the Foundation Models framework to do news summarization in an RSS app but I'm finding that a lot of articles are getting kicked back with a vague message about guardrails. This seems really common with political news but we're talking mainstream stuff, i.e. Politico, etc. If the models are this restrictive, this will be tough to use. Is this intended? FB17904424
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Jul ’25
ImageCreator fails with GenerationError Code=11 on Apple Intelligence-enabled device
When I ran the following code on a physical iPhone device that supports Apple Intelligence, I encountered the following error log. What does this internal error code mean? Image generation failed with NSError in a different domain: Error Domain=ImagePlaygroundInternal.ImageGeneration.GenerationError Code=11 “(null)”, returning a generic error instead let imageCreator = try await ImageCreator() let style = imageCreator.availableStyles.first ?? .animation let stream = imageCreator.images(for: [.text("cat")], style: style, limit: 1) for try await result in stream { // error: ImagePlayground.ImageCreator.Error.creationFailed _ = result.cgImage }
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Jul ’25
Foundation Models flags 'Six Flags Great America' as unsafe
I'm working on a to-do list app that uses SpeechTranscriber and Foundation Models framework to transcribe a user's voice into text and create to-do items based off of it. After about 30 minutes looking at my code, I couldn't figure out why I was failing to generate a to-do for "I need to go to Six Flags Great America tomorrow at 3pm." It turns out, I was consistently firing the Foundation Models's safety filter violation for unsafe content ("May contain unsafe content"). Lesson learned: consider comprehensively logging Foundation Models error states to quickly identify when safety filters are unexpectedly triggered.
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Jul ’25