The runs which go through might appear while your app is open (or not yet suspended after returning to the home screen) - at least this is the behavior at my side. In the meantime I opened a TSI case, provided a sample project and already got response: The technician thinks this might be a bug and asked me to create a bug report. He also told me that he is going to assign the bug report directly to the HealthKit team. I am working on creating a bug report until noon (CEST). Going to provide updates here...

Hi, the technician from TSI told me that he considers this as an iOS 15 bug. He asked me to create a bug report, which I did. After I created the bug report, he assigned it to the Health team. However, I was also informed that "due to privacy" he is unable to provide me with further updates on this - which is quite poor in my point of view... He also asked me to test this with iOS 15.1 beta, as it might be a bug, which got fixed there. I upgraded one of my employer's iPhones to 15.1 to test this, however I was occupied with some other duties the last days, so I could not test in detail (just in parallel to web meetings 🙄). On iOS 15.1 I did not see the "ApplicationPolicy / Must not proceed" messages on the console, but that might be caused because I didn't test properly. I would appreciate if you could test on 15.1 beta as well. I would enclose your experiences and a link to this thread in my next reply to TSI. Best, Nils

Checked on iOS 15.1 Release Candidate - still no fix. The TSI engineer told me to check each new beta, as this will be the fastest way to determine, if a fix was included... However, I did not receive a formal confirmation that a bug exists, however I was told that the Health team has no inquiries regarding my sample project - this could interpreted as "they are able to reproduce it". In general the communication on this issue is quite frustrating, as one is unable to receive reliable statements from Apple. I wonder if they are aware of this bug in the team in charge of these HK queries...

Issue is persisting in iOS 15.2 beta - updated the ticket. Starting to be skeptical about a fix in near future... I tried to receive a tech talk slot, but was unlucky twice. By the way: I observed a few background launches, already described by jlc3, as well. However, these became way to seldom (i.e. every few days using .hourly data types).

A first test iOS 15.2 beta 3 shows that a background delivery fires successfully roughly half an hour after suspending the app. The background processing took 31 seconds and was not cancelled by iOS. Seems like we are approaching a fix, finally. :-) Happy to hear from your test results.

I was just able to confirm the fix in iOS 15.2 release. Happy updating! 🎉