I'm running into the extract same issue. Every time loadAllFromPreferences() is called, later there is one more notification on NEVPNStatusDidChange. For example, after 12 calls, the view controller will receive 12 Connecting status notifications followed by 12 Connected notifications, or 12 Disconnecting followed by 12 Disconnected notifications. To answer @Matt's question, in my case, I've made sure I'm only calling addListener once: put them in viewDidLoad, and with logs showing when the function is called, plus I removeObserver() right before I addObserver(). I can see clearly addObserver is only called once. But the number of notifications keeps increasing for the same VPN status as more calls to loadAllFromPreferences are made. My experiments seem to indicate that this is a side effect of calling loadAllFromPreferences. Each call to loadAllFromPreferences seems to keep its own copy/reference of the vpnManagers array that keeps sending notifications to the observers. In my case, in order to get a vpnManager properly, I follow recommendations from this forum in this weird way and it works! Not sure if it has anything to do with this issue. call loadAllFromPreferences() call saveToPreferences() call loadAllFromPreferences() for the 2nd time; vpnManagers[0] is what I need