Thanks Quinn and eddiewangyw for the updates. One thing I guess worth clarifying also is what is meant by "user session". Our service(s) have no connection to CGS since they are root session only but other Apple daemons/services may—and I assume that's the real crux of the issue may make a difference. But if how a user is logged in—via physical console or SSH or VNC etc makes a difference could also be interesting. In our testing, the ANE and GPU were reliable when a user was logged in at the physical console. It's much harder to trigger these specific flows without some GUI console access (e.g. SSH would be hard) but over VNC it's definitely possible. Then I began to question if there's a difference with somebody logged in but at loginwindow, etc.