I think this has been an issue since macOS 14/Xcode 15/iOS 17. I search the forums every so often to see if anyone has found a solution. Seems like a lot of people have posted about it and provided feedback to Apple, but so far Apple hasn't fixed it. I've been focusing more on Android development or iOS 16. I appreciate the information about macOS 15. I hadn't tried that yet, so it's good to know that it won't fix anything.

I guess I'll chime in with a "me too" reply. I would like to uncheck the box to Connect via Network. I investigated reverting back to Xcode 14. Of course, Apple blocks you from easily running Xcode 14 on macOS 14, and it's not easy to downgrade macOS or iOS. If you run the Xcode executable directly a couple times, it will run ok, but it will say it's missing DeviceSupport for the iOS 17 device. Apparently, Apple has stopped using the DeviceSupport folders, so there's nothing available in Xcode 15 to copy from to enable iOS 17 support. I found the new method for DeviceSupport is "CoreDevice". If you defaults write a special flag on the CLI, it will tell Xcode 14 to use CoreDevice. And that must be part of the problem, because once it's trying to run with CoreDevice, it fails to connect to the iOS device while on VPN, just like Xcode 15.