I observed the same for iOS 18. There is a partial workaround:
when authorization status is .notDetermined, request only .provisional authorization
when authorization status is .authorized (i.e. after the user chose Keep), request [.alert, .badge, .sound]
This way you at least get support for badges and sound, but it is still bad because the Lock screen and Banner settings will still be disabled and I think there is no way to re-request them programmatically.
Unfortunately this makes provisional authorization kind of undesirable for many use cases.
Topic:
App & System Services
SubTopic:
Notifications
Tags: