iOS 18.4 introduced some requirements on the Key Usage of 802.1x server certificates, as described here. https://support.apple.com/en-us/121158 When using TLS_ECDHE_RSA or TLS_DHE_RSA cipher suites, 802.1X server certificates containing a Key Usage extension must have Digital Signature key usage set. When using the TLS_RSA cipher suite, 802.1X server certificates containing a Key Usage extension must have Key Encipherment key usage set. It reads like the change is supposed to affect 802.1x only. However, we have found out that the new restrictions are actually imposed on all TLS connections using the Network framework, including in Safari. Unlike other certificate errors which can be either ignored by users (as in Safari) or by code (via sec_protocol_options_set_verify_block), these new ones can't. Even if passing completion(true) in the TLS verification block, the connection still ends up in waiting state with error -9830: illegal parameter. I understand that these requirements are valid ones but as a generic TLS library I also expect that Network framework could at least allow overriding the behavior. The current treatment is not consistent with those on other certificate errors. Since I can't upload certificates, here is how to reproduce a certificate that fails. Create a OpenSSL config file test.cnf [ req ] default_bits = 2048 distinguished_name = dn x509_extensions = v3_ca prompt = no [ dn ] CN = example.com [ v3_ca ] subjectKeyIdentifier = hash authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid:always,issuer basicConstraints = CA:TRUE keyUsage = critical, keyCertSign, cRLSign Generate certificate and private key openssl req -x509 -new -nodes -keyout key.pem -out cert.pem -days 365 -config test.cnf And here is the client code to test. // Target server and port let host = NWEndpoint.Host("example.com") let port = NWEndpoint.Port("443")! // Configure insecure TLS options let tlsOptions = NWProtocolTLS.Options() sec_protocol_options_set_verify_block(tlsOptions.securityProtocolOptions, { _, _, completion in // Always trust completion(true) }, DispatchQueue.global()) let params = NWParameters(tls: tlsOptions) let connection = NWConnection(host: .init(host), port: .init(rawValue: port)!, using: params) connection.stateUpdateHandler = { newState in switch newState { case .ready: print("TLS connection established") case .failed(let error): print("Connection failed: \(error)") case .cancelled: print("Connection canceled") case .preparing: print("Connection preparing") case .waiting(let error): print("Connection waiting: \(error)") case .setup: print("Connection setup") default: break } } connection.start(queue: .global()) Output Connection preparing Connection waiting: -9830: illegal parameter Previously reported as FB17099740