Xcode cannot mount DDI on physical device — "No provider was found" (CoreDeviceError 1002) — /Library/Developer/DeveloperDiskImages never created

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I have been struggling with this for a while and have gone through every solution I have found on the forums, so I am hoping someone at Apple or in the community can shed some light on the actual root cause.

Setup

Mac: macOS 26.7 (Build 25G229)
Xcode: 26.2 (Build 17C52) — also tried 16.8 and 26.0, same result
Device: iPhone SE (3rd generation), iPhone14,6 — iOS 26.7 (Build 23H24)
Developer Mode: enabled on device
Pairing state: paired, tunnel connected

The error

When I connect my iPhone via cable, Xcode initiates pairing and device preparation, then immediately fails with:

The developer disk image could not be mounted on this device.

Domain: com.apple.dt.CoreDeviceError
Code: 12040
Failure Reason: Unable to find a valid DDI for the iOS platform.
Run 'devicectl list preferredDDI' from the command line to get more details.

User Info: {
    DVTErrorCreationDateKey = "2026-09-22 17:14:25 +0000";
    DeviceIdentifier = "3B75FE83-5833-53B2-8ABE-9AA65A22A1C8";
    "com.apple.dt.DVTCoreDevice.operationName" = enablePersonalizedDDI;
}

Underlying errors:
  Code 12001 — Unable to find a valid DDI for the iOS platform.
  Code 12007 — Unable to find a developer disk image to use for the iOS platform
               (variants: Internal, Public).

Diagnosing: no DDIs found for any platform

Running the suggested command:

xcrun devicectl list preferredDDI

Output:

Failed to load provisioning parameter list due to error:
  Error Domain=com.apple.dt.CoreDeviceError Code=1002 "No provider was found."
  UserInfo={NSLocalizedDescription=No provider was found.}
Host CoreDevice version: 518.27
WARNING: No DDI was found for the iOS platform.
         No DDI was found for the macOS platform.
         No DDI was found for the tvOS platform.
         No DDI was found for the watchOS platform.
         No DDI was found for the visionOS platform.

The key signal here is Code=1002 "No provider was found." — this same error appears as a prefix in every devicectl command I run, regardless of the subcommand. I suspect this is the actual root cause, not a secondary issue.

Additionally, /Library/Developer/DeveloperDiskImages does not exist on this machine.

What I have already tried

xcrun devicectl manage ddis update

Updating host DDIs at /Library/Developer/DeveloperDiskImages
The following directories provided candidate DDIs:
    /Library/Developer/CoreDevice/CandidateDDIs
    /Applications/Xcode-26.2.0.app/Contents/Resources/CoreDeviceDDIs
After cleaning and updating the installed host DDIs in
/Library/Developer/DeveloperDiskImages are equivalent to the original set.

The command completes without error, but /Library/Developer/DeveloperDiskImages is still never created.

Reinstalling Xcode system resources:

sudo installer -target / -pkg $(xcode-select -p)/../Resources/Packages/XcodeSystemResources.pkg

No change.

Multiple Xcode versions — tested with 16.8 and 26.0 in addition to the current 26.2. Same failure across all.
Multiple iOS versions on the device — the iPhone has been factory reset several times and tested on different iOS 26.x builds as Apple released them. Issue persists on all versions.
Confirmed xcode-select -p points to the active Xcode installation and xcrun resolves tools correctly.

Device info (for reference)

xcrun devicectl list devices

Name               Identifier                             State                Model
iPhone de Carlos   3B75FE83-5833-53B2-8ABE-9AA65A22A1C8   connected (no DDI)   iPhone SE (3rd generation)

The device pairs and tunnels fine. The only blocker is DDI services (ddiServicesAvailable: false).

Questions

What does Code=1002 "No provider was found." actually mean in the context of devicectl? Is there a provisioning service or entitlement missing on the Mac side?
Why does devicectl manage ddis update report success but never create /Library/Developer/DeveloperDiskImages? Is there a prerequisite directory or permission that needs to exist first?
Is there a way to manually force-install the DDIs from the Xcode bundle, bypassing the update mechanism?

Any guidance would be greatly appreciated. Happy to run additional diagnostics if needed.