RESOLVED:
I used Realm database.
After the app creates any FIFO file, the simulator can no longer be cloned. An error occurs during the simulator data copy process, indicating a lack of permission to copy FIFO files.
This cloning failure prevents Xcode from launching tests properly.
A simple way to reproduce this issue is to create a new iOS app, add a Realm database, and create any database file (since Realm creates FIFO files for interprocess communication). After that, the simulator can no longer be cloned.
To work around this issue, I wrote a script that removes all pipe files from the simulator directory.