I've noticed there are certain apps which seem to track that I'm using my iOS device, and then send me push notifications based on my usage. For example, I may pick up my phone in the middle of the night, unlock it, check my email, and minutes later, this app will send me a push notification attempting to sell me something. Is an actually app permitted to track my activity/usage on my iPhone, outside of my activity and usage within that app? If so, where can I learn more about this? Or is this app in violation of some rule in the ToU?

Looking for any method to quickly flatten a PDF without opening Preview and without installing 3 party software. Any ideas? Save as PDF in Preview works, but I don't want to have to open Preview each time I need to do this. The Create PDF action which appears in Finder when you select 2 or more PDFs flattens PDFs, but it requires me to select 2 or more files, and I generally don't want to combine PDFs--I simply wish to flatten a PDF. Most Automator and Shortcuts options I am aware of do not flatten PDFs, and in some cases, strip out form field data from PDFs.