Update to my post: So pinging ourselves also triggers the network access dialogue (where localizing NSLocalNetworkUsageDescription doesn't work in XCode 12 GM / iOS 14 GM - be aware, fill out at least the English text in info.plist!).
But pinging can at least confirm if the user has disabled the local network access AFTERWARDS. So you should probably go this way: Let the user confirm local network access, e.g. by doing such a ping. If you want to confirm that the user actually selected "yes", do the ping e.g every second until it succeeds. If you need to know if the user denied it, I think it's possibly to query the view hierarchy for the presence of a dialogue.
Apple, you may read this: I'm not sure WHY such an API has been kept out. But as we need to find solutions, we need to do such hacks. Fortunately they work in most cases. But if the absence of such an API has the background to add some "fuzziness" about the user's intentions, you see that in the end it's possible to do it anyway.
From my perspective, it is not understandable why such an API is missing and why we need to do several hacks to achieve what should have been part of the iOS 14 release. The absence of such an API is inconsistent with the other permission APIs, and as you see there are many reasons why such an API should also be part of the iOS 14 release. Giving that even the permission localization doesn't work leaves the impression of all of this thrown together in haste.