I managed to fix this problem by deleting all signing certificates generated by XCode Cloud and then rebuilding the app in XCode Cloud - no changes to code etc, just a rebuild and resubmit. However, I'm hitting a new issue that I've posted here: https://developer.apple.com/forums/thread/776557 . Basically we have to delete XCode Cloud certs for each build - otherwise it isn't submitted right to App Store.
Topic:
App Store Distribution & Marketing
SubTopic:
App Review
Tags: