We found that our apps (and other apps from different companies) cannot launch on iOS 9 to iOS 12 devices. The app can be installed successfully but crashes immediately on launch.
From the device syslog:
assertiond: The process failed to exec SpringBoard: Bootstrapping failed - Unable to bootstrap process Our distribution certificate was issued on Feb 2, 2026, signed by WWDR G3 intermediate certificate.
This issue affects all apps under our Apple Developer account on iOS 9-12 devices. iOS 13 and above works fine.
Distribution through the App Store requires a minimum deployment target of iOS 15. The Xcode Support webpage has this information.