I am facing exactly the same problem with a Qt macOS app. The app can be released to the store, works fine everywhere, but TestFlight is not available "Not Available for Testing".
The binary data is as follows:
Interestingly the "Build SDK" and "Build Platform" fields are empty.
Has anyone an idea/suggestion how to get TestFlight to work? Are there specific prerequisits necessary (for instance a minimum macOS version, specific signing, etc.)?