Seems that xCode 13.4.1 can not distribute for pre iOS11( this can be checked in TestFlight). Even if debug is still possible.
The only workaround I found was using xCode 13.4 and doing some extra configuration :
Build Settings / deployment / oAlways Embed Swift Libraries = Yes
Build Settings / deployment / strip swift symbol = No
Also when uploading :
unselect 2 first options about BitCode and Strip Swift Symbols
Tested successfully with iPhone 5 iOS 10.3.4
In the release notes of xCode it is not always easy to determine the lowest supported iOS version.
New xCode 14 suppressed iOS10 and below support : it means all non 64 bits processor devices not supported. Debug is no more possible.